Project 3: Proposal Project

Length: Your Proposal should be 3-4 pg. in length.

Due dates: Refer to the class schedule for Peer Mark Draft and Revision dates.

Format: Follow MLA format and include a Works Cited page. Below the heading, include the following information:

To: (The individual/s at the business/organization who have the authority to approve your proposal)

From: (Your name)

Subject: (Proposal Title)

Audience: The individual/s at the business/organization who have the authority to approve your proposal

Purpose: To define a problem, recommend solutions, and persuade your audience to implement the recommendations.

For this assignment, you will be writing a proposal in which youdefine a problem and recommend a solution. Your goal is to persuadeyour audience that your solution should be implemented. The problemcould be a campus or work-related, political, social, environmental, oreconomic problem. You might be proposing a service, the purchase ofequipment, or a policy change. See Lunsford Everyone’s an Author pg. 391-395 for help with choosing a topic, prewriting, and organizing your ideas.

Choose a problem that is narrow enough that your proposal can bedescribed in some depth in 3-4 pages. For instance, “How to SolvePoverty in America” would not be an appropriate topic; however, youcould address the issue of hungry students by proposing theestablishment of a campus food co-op. Your proposal should include thefollowing sections (label each section):

1. To, From, Subject as described above.
2. Definition of the Problem—explain the scope and significance of the problem.
3. Solution and Recommendations—a detailed descriptionof your solution to the problem, which could include costs, informationfrom experts in the field or other interested parties, plans forimplementation, etc.
4. Conclusion—a persuasive paragraph which will explain why your proposal will solve this particular problem.
5. Works Cited page—include at least 2 sources thatprovide additional support for your proposal. Sources could includeinterviews, government documents, cost information, statistics, expertsin the field, and so on.

Here are some questions that will help you write the Proposal:

• What is the significance of this problem? Why should the audience be concerned about this?
• Who is the audience—Level of interest? Educational level? Familiarity with the topic? Pre-existing bias?
• Is the language of my Proposal clear and appropriate to the purpose and audience?
• What research information will best support my ideas? Statistics? Trend analysis? Quotations from experts?

Learning Goal: I’m working on a english writing question and need support to help me learn.

Your first step will be to choose a particular controversy within your theme/topic that you believe is ripe for such an analysis. The key will be to find a topic that you are already quite knowledgeable about and that you believe demonstrates rhetorical concepts that you are. comfortable in explicating. Once you have chosen your approach, you will need to have it approved by me; while I am open to controversy, I do reserve the right to veto any topic that I believe may cause significant issues. That being said, I will do my best not to censor you in anyway.

After you have chosen an approach, you will need to select artifacts from the various perspectives on the issue to demonstrate your points. It is not enough to claim how each side uses liaisons to their advantage—you need to show your readers this through analysis of artifacts (e.g. speeches, essays, articles, interviews, visual imagery, film clips, podcasts, etc.). Make sure you can back up your claims with actual evidence! You will probably only want one to two artifacts (probably one a piece) for each perspective; furthermore, it usually works best if both artifacts are of the same medium and/or genre (e.g. speech compared to speech, essay compared to essay, podcast compared to podcast, etc.).

Next, you will need to decide which rhetorical theories and concepts you will discuss. You may choose to address the manner in which the various sides of the debate employ ethos, pathos, and logos; you could examine how different sides create liaisons and what assumptions of the audience(s) drive these liaisons; you could demonstrate how various rhetors make certain aspects of the issue more salient (or present) for the audience(s); you may choose to focus on where the presumption lies in the debate and how the side opposite the presumption attempts to shift the burden of proof; you could address epistemological differences in the types of evidence each side presents. The possibilities are endless, yet you should discuss at least two of the theories we have discussed in class.

Students will be required to complete a concise, well-articulated essay that incorporates one of the following documents to a minimum of three concepts covered in the course:

• The Declaration of Independence

• Any article or amendment to the Constitution

• One of the Federalist Papers

• Historical Speech

• Federal Commission Report

Essays should be between 5 pages in length, not including references, tables, graphs, etc. Essays should be double-spaced in 12-point Times New Roman font with standard one-inch margins. All references should be cited according to the American Psychology Association (APA) (6th ed.) style in author-date format with a separate reference section located at the end of the essay. It is highly recommended that you consult the citation guides provided online (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/

(Links to an external site.)

Essay Assignment Sample Outline

1. Introduction

• Explain the content of the document and give a historical context (what was going on in the U.S. when it was written); list and briefly define the concept you are going to relate to the document

2. Class Concept 1 (i.e., ethics)

• Go into a deeper explanation of the concept; point out parts of the document where this concept is addressed (use quotes if you want, but not extensively, and make sure you cite them)

3. Class Concept 2 (i.e., motivation)

• Go into a deeper explanation of the concept; point out parts of the document where this concept is addressed (use quotes if you want, but not extensively, and make sure you cite them)

4. Class Concept 3 (i.e., organizational culture)

• Go into a deeper explanation of the concept; point out parts of the document where this concept is addressed (use quotes if you want, but not extensively, and make sure you cite them)

5. Conclusion

• Recap why you chose the concepts you did (no 1st person, though); recap historical implications of the document and the specific implications of the concepts you chose.

**Note: If you write one page per section, you will hit 5 pages easily.

Class Concepts (examples):

Ethics

Motivation

Organizational culture

Public administration/administrator

Machiavellian leader

Public values

Public sector

Human resources

Social equity

Policymaking

Government/Intergovernmental relations

Democratic society

In 10-12 slides, including the title and reference slides, outline your research proposal to present to your classmates. Speaker notes are required to provide additional information for your bullet points. Please see the attached document, “PowerPoint Instructions,” for further tips.

The PowerPoint will need to include:

1. Introductory section: including your problem statement and your hypothesis.
2. Method section: including your description of the participants, apparatus/materials/instruments, procedure, and design you anticipate using.
3. Results: discuss how results would be gathered for which statistic was used, the alpha level (.05), critical value, and degrees of freedom. (Do not create fake results.)
4. Discussion: requires 4 paragraphs that include:
   1. Describe what it would mean if you obtained significant results. Then describe what it would mean to obtain nonsignificant results.
   2. Discuss how your study followed APA ethical guidelines, by discussing the use of an informed consent form, debriefing statement, deception, and obtaining IRB permission.
   3. Discuss any limitations in your study (e.g., possible confounding, lack of random assignment or random sampling, etc.)
   4. Conclude with a discussion of future studies that could arise from your study.
5. Appendices: two figures, OR two tables, OR a table and a figure. For example, set up a table focusing on participants, include your individually created survey, use/cite tables from a previous study, refer to Chapter 14 summary table, include Informed Consent figure and/or Debriefing Form figure. If unsure, contact your instructor for confirmation of appendices.
6. Reference Slide: APA-formatted reference slide.

Be prepared to present your proposal information to your colleagues.

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

Read “What Learning Professionals Should Know About Color,” located in the topic Resources.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. You must provide in-text citations within your writing, as well as a properly formatted reference slide.

This assignment uses a scoring guide. Please review the scoring guide prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Each journal should fully answer the provided prompt and consist of a minimum of one typed page, no more than two (double the page requirement if handwritten). All journals must be formatted to MLA guidelines. You must include specific examples and details from the text to support your ideas and claims in each journal. In-text citations and a Works Cited page must be included with each journal. Please do not compose a full-length essay.

Journal 17: So What? Who Cares? (Chapter 7) In his article, “Choking the Oceans with Plastic,” how does Moore make clear to his readers why his topic matters? Or, if you don’t think he does, how might he do so?

Journal 18: The article, “Should We Be More Optimistic about Fighting Climate Change,” by Chen and Murthy describes a number of climate-related disasters that would seem to offer strong reasons or pessimism, but the authors believe that an “optimistic” narrative about fighting climate change needs to be told more often. Why do you think they are so adamant about the importance of staying optimistic that the problems they discuss can be solved? In your view, is this an effective way to persuade an audience to work “together with as much speed and thoughtfulness as we can”? (paragraph 20). Why or why not?

Journal 19: In her article, “We Are the Wildfire,” Naomi Klein discusses her beliefs that countries throughout the world must work together to combat the climate change crisis. She begins her essay with examples of student protests, followed by descriptions of cyclones in Africa caused by climate change, before presenting her own arguments in subsequent paragraphs. How would you summarize her “they say” and “I say” arguments? Does she make a convincing argument? Why or why not?

Journal 20: In his essay, “It’s Time for Conservatives to Own the Climate-Change Issue,” Dan Crenshaw accuses liberals of “alarmism” in their calls to combat climate change. He says in paragraph 2 that conservatives can fight back with solutions “based on reason, science, and the free market.” Read through the essay again and consider how effectively he uses these three categories, particularly science, in proposing conservative solutions.